Yes the profession matters. If you select one it chooses your four tagged skills for you.
Me? Precision primarily, then (in descending order) Endurance, Luck, Strength, Intelligence. But if you don't put many points in Intelligence I recommend tagging Security and Searching.
Survival only becomes useful later in the game, when you actually need healing. Early on you rarely need healing. The first few times you end up burning all your supplies and then it just gets terrible and near all of your points go into survival. Get it early on and save supplies, trouble, and your life.
Depends, Luck is invovled in EVERYTHING not exaggerating. Intelligence isn't entirely useful besides in the case of Security and Searching. Endurance you should put at least two, Endurance means health, you'll need health.