ForumsWEPRCreating 5 Additional Tax Brackets to the Top Earners

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redbedhead
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redbedhead
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Nomad

With the elections coming soon for next year, and after reading an article over the issue it sparked a reminder of this debate. Plus this might be a relaxing turn of events from the cumbersome religion v. science debates that are constantly on this section of the forum.

The current minimum income level of the highest tax bracket is $250,000. The argument is that the Department of Treasury shall create five additional tax brackets with minimum income levels of $500,000; $1,000,000; $5,000,000; $10,000,000; and $25,000,000

First The system is antiquated.
By relying on an antiquated tax system the administration is missing out on a chance to redefine the top tax brackets in order to distinguish the âso-called richâ from the really rich.
By so-called rich I'm referring to the professional class: doctors, lawyers, accountants ect.
But the plutocratic "executive suiteâ wealthy, are in a class of their own.
Because someone making $375,000 a year is taxed at the same rate as someone making $375 million a year. It's like comparing Ochocinco to Ochocino's denist. If more tax brackets were created at the top end of the scale, more revenue could be collected from the plutocratic class, without putting an extra burden on the professional class.
Thereâs a yawning chasm between the professional and the plutocratic classes, and the tax system should reflect that. A better tax system would have more brackets, so that the super-rich pay higher rates.

This system would not only be fairer but also create additional revenue to the economy.
A few extra brackets at the top could also bring in tens of billions of dollars in additional revenue.
We're looking at a reverse on trickledown economics. If the plutocratic class were to take more of the weight on taxation, the lower tax brackets are not going to have to take as much weight as before, puting more towards our defecit.
This in turn will not alienate the constituents but influence them positively in support for a Bill such as this.
Millionaires such as Donald Trump have voiced their opposition to proposals such as this. They claim they will state hop if this were implemented state wide rather than federal based. If a bill such as this were implemented by the Department of Treasury then there would be no way for top payers to opt out of the tax by simply switching states. Not only that but it would be wiser to alienate 3% of constituents compared to 97%.

There would be political advantages, too: the reform could actually make tax hikes on top earners more popular.
Critics like to describe tax hikes as hurting small business, because small-business owners make up a sizable percentage of people in the top two brackets.
But because small-business owners, unlike Wall Street traders, are popular on Main Street. It would be harder to mount a defense of millionaires
Which may be why last year a poll found overwhelming support, from both the right and the left, for a millionaire tax.
Conclusion: A Bill such as this will reflect positively on the economic status we have now and will be supported by constituents on both sides.

  • 84 Replies
MRWalker82
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MRWalker82
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Shepherd

The problem with that, though, is that it also contributes to a more volatile economy. In the US the top 5% of workers pay over 50% of the taxes the US brings in. When these people see a decline in their income it hits everyone very hard. A flat tax, or at least much nearer to it, would reduce this risk.

Furthermore your assumptions and obviously derogatory view of the wealthy is obvious prejudice. I have never been able to fathom why, outside of jealousy, many people seem to take such issue with the very wealthy. They have found success, and as such should be able to enjoy the fruits of that success. Personally my only issue with it in any way is that I feel we have our priorities totally out of whack as to who, outside of private enterprise, makes the most.

In my opinion our musicians and athletes should be making far, far less while our educators and safety personnel should be compensated in a manner more befitting their importance in our society.

Gyroscopic
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Gyroscopic
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Peasant

Jealously? Oh lord, you sound like my daughter talking about her grade-school 'bff'. Assuming my view is based on jealousy is pretty narrow-minded, and really not a relevant argument. But, your not being able to fathom the famine (among many other imbalances) in the world due to the need for the rich to become richer only exposes your ignorance to the wider picture, in the same way you claim my prejudice. I am not saying success shouldn't be had and enjoyed, since that is very likely the motivating factor for people to strive for better careers; however, there is a limit to how much one truly needs to feel "successful". If feeling successful at the expense of others' well-being (and even lives) is what turns your crank, then I even more passionately support the tiered bracket setup, for those are definitely not the people who should be at the top of the pyramid, leading our society, and guiding further away from unity and harmony.

Gyroscopic
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Gyroscopic
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Peasant

Plus, you make it seem like the rich are the largest contributors, by donating their wealth to needy charities. But how many of the super rich are really philanthropists? Even when they donate, it's for the tax credit and not altruism. The typical rich horde their riches, not share them.

Gyroscopic
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Gyroscopic
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Peasant

And, before I have to leave for the day (taking my family to the Science Center), I'd like to mention that my viewpoint isn't derived from being below (or near) the poverty line. I happen to earn enough to put my family in the upper-middle class. And that's enough to realize I have all I need to live a happy, sustainable life, providing for all my family's needs, and most of their wants, but just not all their wants. Knowing the difference between what we need and want is what guides are generosity and compassion for others as we can understand they are not having even their needs met.
Take care, have a great day.

NoNameC68
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NoNameC68
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Shepherd

The typical rich horde their riches, not share them.


I don't know. The typical rich generally give people jobs; you know, a paycheck.

The unfortunate thing about the tiered brackets is that you can�t legislate morality: that is, the common decency needed for the rich to share their abundance with those who need, else they find alternative means to hide/keep their money, as mentioned throughout this thread.


Forcing people to share is unfair. In fact, forcing people to be fair by manipulating and taking their property is unfair.

If feeling successful at the expense of others' well-being


You're assuming that they only way to be rich is to take advantage of others. This is an absolutely ridiculous and ignorant statement to make.

Let's say you want a pair of shoes. You have 100 dollars on you. You see a pair of shoes that you want. You buy the shoes for 20 dollars. To you, the shoes were worth more than your 20 dollars, otherwise you wouldn't have made the trade. You leave with a pair of shoes, the rich man leaves with 20 more dollars. The rich made money without having to screw over someone's life.
MRWalker82
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MRWalker82
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Shepherd

Jealously? Oh lord, you sound like my daughter talking about her grade-school 'bff'. Assuming my view is based on jealousy is pretty narrow-minded, and really not a relevant argument.


I made no such assumption or assertion. I simply stated that I personally have not been able to understand why someone, unless they are in some way jealous, would make such blatantly stereotypical, vaguely bigoted, and grossly misinformed statements about someone simply because of their income. And it wasn't intended to be a 'relevant argument' it was a statement of personal observation.

And then you go on stating that wealthy people live in 'wasteful opulence'. How do you know? Do you know all wealthy people, or even a large amount of them? Furthermore being upper middle class, as you say you are, in America means that you are part of the MOST WASTEFUL category of citizen in the world.

I also said nothing about the wealthy being philanthropists anywhere in my previous posts, but nice strawman there. I was simply pointing out that the people who have money tend to spend it accordingly. As we all know it is private expenditure which drives a free market economy like ours and thus provides a stable market, employment, and funding through taxes. Increasing the initial taxes on these people decreases the amount they can put directly into the private sector which is detrimental to the national economy.

I understand that there are many different ideas as to what approach would be most beneficial to our nation and our economy regarding how citizens are taxed, who pays how much, and even what businesses and organizations should or should not be taxed. I personally don't subscribe to the idea (that you seem to, as stated in your post) that people should pay more to the government because they make more, and I certainly don't subscribe to the idea that rich people are in any way to blame for whatever famine (among other things apparently) in the world.

Honestly I'd like to see one bit of evidence to support your bigotry toward the wealthy, because from here it likes blind speculation and emotional ranting. You have made some very derogatory assertions which are not grounded in reality, and if that's really the route you are going to keep going with discussion then it's probably best if you stop while you're ahead.
redbedhead
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redbedhead
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Nomad

I don't know. The typical rich generally give people jobs; you know, a paycheck.


That's trickledown economics. It's what we've been instituted on in the last half century. All those bailouts? The government believes by giving money to help out the big whigs at top, that they will use that money to make production, which in turn gives need for more jobs, which then give the people at the bottom money as well. The money trickles down to the bottom. But this hasn't worked as we saw. Those big whigs simply took the money and instead of expanding production they used it to raise the salaries at the top and cut hundreds of jobs... A reform to this would be much more beneficial to EVERYONE overall not just the top earning constituents.
Kevin4762
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Kevin4762
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Nomad

That's trickledown economics. It's what we've been instituted on in the last half century. All those bailouts? The government believes by giving money to help out the big whigs at top, that they will use that money to make production, which in turn gives need for more jobs, which then give the people at the bottom money as well. The money trickles down to the bottom. But this hasn't worked as we saw. Those big whigs simply took the money and instead of expanding production they used it to raise the salaries at the top and cut hundreds of jobs... A reform to this would be much more beneficial to EVERYONE overall not just the top earning constituents.


I like you.

Trickledown economics doesn't work because the rich have no incentive to help the poor. No taxes, no regulations, no problem!

Companies can use all their excess money for the CEOs, CFOs, CIOs, and other head honchos in the company.

Instead of bailouts, the government should force the companies to hire workers, or else they shut down the business. That would make much more sense. It's what FDR did.
NoNameC68
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NoNameC68
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Shepherd

That's trickledown economics. It's what we've been instituted on in the last half century. All those bailouts? The government believes by giving money to help out the big whigs at top, that they will use that money to make production, which in turn gives need for more jobs, which then give the people at the bottom money as well.


I'm arguing in defense of the free market, not against it. Bailouts have no place in the free market, therefore I do not support them. Again, bailouts have no place in the free market.

What I don't understand is how the government can put money into a system that does not bring a profit. In a free market, this system goes under. When the government takes control, they constantly put money into the system which does not turn a profit. This is just like bailing out a company, except it's constant.

Trickledown economics doesn't work because the rich have no incentive to help the poor.


Why should the rich have incentive to help the poor? Remember, the rich offers the people goods and services and the people buy these things. Both of them get what they want. They help each other. The business makes money and the consumer gets a new good and/or service. The money people take home is theirs to do whatever they want with it.

Businesses actually do have incentive to take care of their customers because those who don't will lose them. A business who raises their prices for their goods will lose customers to competitors who offer goods at cheaper prices.

Instead of bailouts, the government should force the companies to hire workers, or else they shut down the business.


Forced to hire workers? Believe it or not, this HURTS businesses. Remember, there are many small businesses who have to play by the same rules as the "big whigs".

If the number of workers you have is sufficient to keep your business running, there's absolutely no reason in the world for them to hire more people. Forcing businesses to hire harms businesses, especially the SMALLER businesses!

Here are all the reasons why businesses should not be forced to hire more people:

1. When you have more people than you do work, you find that the extra people just get in the way of each other. Not only that, but it costs money. This results in people being forced to work less hours, which means less pay. If you are trying to work 40 hours a week and your boss hires more people when you already have a full staff, you may end up giving 10 of those hours to someone else.

2. Hiring more workers becomes an even bigger strain on smaller businesses. Money that could be reinvested to expand the business is now going into the pockets of workers. This makes it harder for small businesses to compete against the market giants.

If you support small businesses, you should be in favor of letting the owners of the small businesses make their own decisions.

3. The money that comes from goods goes to everything in a business. It pays for taxes, it pays for resources, and it pays for salaries. Businesses that are forced to hire people must also raise their prices to compensate.

4. This costs businesses more money. Sometimes, businesses are on a tight budget just to keep their supply up. Hiring more people means they will have a harder time keeping their supply up which results in them going under.

Instead of bailouts, the government should force the companies to hire workers, or else they shut down the business.


It's this mentality that big CEOs and politicians take advantage of. CEOs know that these policies will be costly and put smaller competitors out of business. The CEOs fund these political campaigns and support these politicians. The politicians tells everyone how evil big businesses are and that they must be controlled by government. The people like to think the politician is on their side, so they vote for the politicians. The politician creates a law that limits the freedom of big businesses, the people are happy. However, the people fail to realize that many smaller businesses go under. This means the giants have less competition and they become even MORE rich. The people complain about how small businesses are going under. The politician blames big business. The politician then promises the people even MORE government control over businesses. CEOs know that small businesses can't afford these restrictions so they support the politician... and it goes around and around.
Einfach
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Einfach
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Nomad

Trickledown economics doesn't work because the rich have no incentive to help the poor. No taxes, no regulations, no problem!


In reality, the rich can only become rich in the first place by going through mutually beneficial transactions with other people.

What is a mutually beneficial transaction? Put quite simply, it is one that is beneficial to both parties.

The rich can only become rich through mutually beneficial transactions.
A. A mutually beneficial transaction is defined as any action that benefits both parties.
B. All agreed-upon interactions are mutually beneficial transactions.
i. How is this? What does it mean to agree to something? It means that you believe this action surpasses every other action by providing happiness (defined as that which people pursue).
ii. This is tautological. Basically - agreed-upon interactions surpass all other actions in the efficiency by which the create happiness - it gives people the most "bang for their buck" with happiness.
C. Thus, mutually beneficial interactions, by creating happiness, are good in themselves.
D. Mutually beneficial interactions, by definition create a certain amount of positive happiness to both parties.
E. Thus, aside from benefitting the "rich person," the people who are involved in mutually beneficial interactions with the person are also benefitted, at least by a small amount.
F. A capitalistic economy involves no regulations (or redistribution of resources).
i. Regulations can only function by restricting mutually beneficial reactions, since they are the only actions that can occur spontaneously in a free market (think Gibbs free energy :P). If they do not - they're not effective, and thus unnecessary, and if they do, they create negative happiness.

The capitalistic free-market is not only "self-ish," it is also "self-less" as well.


Reviewing the allegations:
Trickledown economics doesn't work because the rich have no incentive to help the poor.

This misunderstands the idea of mutually beneficial transactions.
Companies can use all their excess money for the CEOs, CFOs, CIOs, and other head honchos in the company.

In a capitalistic economy, frivolous spending will cause a company to become less competitive, and therefore, it will lose money in the marketplace. They become unable to satisfy the customer as well.
Instead of bailouts, the government should force the companies to hire workers, or else they shut down the business.

This is a regulation - look at the train of thought above - there is a net decrease in happiness as a result of ANY regulation.

Furthermore, this confuses correlation and causation - companies hiring workers in a capitalistic economy creates happiness does not imply that hiring workers creates happiness for all situations. Just because the hiring of workers is correlated with net increase of happiness does not imply that it causes a net increase of happiness.

People in the world all have a unique set of skills that vary from person to person. In a capitalistic free-market is there a natural incentive for business owners to seek out those who have the greatest skills in a particular field to hire them. It helps them because their business benefits. It must help the person because if they agree to the job because they agree to it, since they wouldn't do it if they didn't want to.
All those bailouts? The government believes by giving money to help out the big whigs at top, that they will use that money to make production, which in turn gives need for more jobs, which then give the people at the bottom money as well.

Yeah - I totally agree.

In fact there's a much better example of this, and it is a common fallacy - it is the Broken Window Fallacy, the basis of Keynesian economics.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parable_of_the_broken_window
Those big whigs simply took the money and instead of expanding production they used it to raise the salaries at the top and cut hundreds of jobs...

In a capitalistic economy, that is not in their best interest to simply "take the money" if it causes them to become less competitive as a business.
Gyroscopic
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Gyroscopic
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Peasant

Iâll try to delineate my response since the both of you raised quite a lot.

I don't know. The typical rich generally give people jobs; you know, a paycheck.


That paycheck is disproportionately smaller than the profit that company and its stakeholders are making from that very workforce. Iâm not saying you canât make a profit in business (in fact, you must), but when itâs disproportionately too large compared to what youâre paying your employees, the gap between classes widens, and owners get richer and laborers get poorer. Sure, the laborers feel theyâre doing well: they have decent paying jobs and are happy to not be unemployed given the unemployment rates these days (to take the example a little further). But what the laborers donât realize is that the profit margin of the company for which they work is so large they are actually diminishing their relative wealth working for said company. In the long run, the workers lose. You know, the whole âthe rich get richer and the poor get poorerâ facet of the American Dream that no one likes to talk about.

Forcing people to share is unfair. In fact, forcing people to be fair by manipulating and taking their property is unfair.


Itâs all relative. If you value life (not just yours and your familyâs, but strangersâ), then itâs more unfair to allow others to suffer than it is to force people to share what they have too much of. There are reasons why the fable of Robin Hood is so well loved.

You're assuming that they only way to be rich is to take advantage of others. This is an absolutely ridiculous and ignorant statement to make.


Mutually beneficial transactions are only one small facet of the way in which the economy works. Most transactions are not mutually beneficial. Since the cost of products and services is the same throughout all classes, the value of these products and services differ for each class. The easiest way for someone to get richer in the economy weâve structured, is for someone else to get poorer. Plain and simple. It is not a Zero Sum per se, but the relative growth in wealth for both sides is not proportional either, like it seems youâre implying it can be. The relative increase in the workers' wealth compared to the ownersâ wealth diverges. Not everyone can be rich. Thatâs the idea it seems youâre implying. That somehow, something comes from nothing. This is clearly not true.

Let's say you want a pair of shoes. You have 100 dollars on you. You see a pair of shoes that you want. You buy the shoes for 20 dollars. To you, the shoes were worth more than your 20 dollars, otherwise you wouldn't have made the trade. You leave with a pair of shoes, the rich man leaves with 20 more dollars. The rich made money without having to screw over someone's life.


This is an extremely over-simplified view on how the economy works. It assumes everyone values that $20 the same, or even has the $100 you presuppose.

I made no such assumption or assertion. I simply stated that I personally have not been able to understand why someone, unless they are in some way jealousâ¦


That is exactly what you were insinuating, or else youâd not even have said it. Why even bring up jealousy at all then? People who call âjealouslyâ are often the jealous ones: projection, they call it psychological circles.

⦠blatantly stereotypical, vaguely bigoted, and grossly misinformed statements about someone simply because of their income.


Wow, you have a penchant for exaggeration. I bet you sell used cars for a living. (thatâs a joke used to illustrate a point) ⦠There: now you have your âblatantly stereotypical, vaguely bigoted, and grossly misinformed statementâ that you want to pin on me. Everything I said earlier was true, just not sugar-coated. Iâve not said anything like what youâve alleged, except the statement directly above, assuming youâre a used car salesman based on your word usage, to show you just what a statement like youâre accusing me of saying is actually like.

And then you go on stating that wealthy people live in 'wasteful opulence'. How do you know? Do you know all wealthy people, or even a large amount of them?


You canât be that naïve. Itâs so easy to find multiple examples of the rich living in wasteful opulence. Do you remember the TV show Robin Leachâs Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous? If not, go watch a few episodes: youâll see exactly what Iâm saying about the super richâs need for unnecessary luxury and extravagance. There is a more recent show similar to the one I've mentioned called Cribs. I think they both do well to show what I'm talking about.

Furthermore being upper middle class, as you say you are, in America means that you are part of the MOST WASTEFUL category of citizen in the world.


Really, is there a need to SCREAM your point? Use of caps is unneeded, I can read just fine. If you need to emphasize, try bolded characters instead. And you say Iâm the one being emotional?
I pay every penny of my taxes, with pleasure. I donât live in America: I happen to live in a country where I can more readily see my tax dollars going to good use, and so Iâm glad to pay them. Those committing tax evasion and worse to secure their wealth for themselves are the âMOST WASTEFULâ category of citizen on the planet. My bathroom faucets donât cost your whole familyâs yearly income. That would be a waste. There is absolutely no way to justify that. I donât care what anyone says. Your use of the word âwasteâ seems to revolve more around the excessive refuse, trash, garbage the US upper-middle class generates, not the waste of useless extravagance Iâm talking about.

⦠people who have money tend to spend it accordingly.


Thereâs no way you actually believe that, right? There is absolutely no way to justify extreme luxury as appropriate expenditures. No way.

Increasing the initial taxes on these people decreases the amount they can put directly into the private sector which is detrimental to the national economy.


Actually, it has the opposite effect. The disproporitonality of relative growth in wealth between the workers and owners of which I mentioned earlier is somewhat alleviated, because the relative growth curves are forced to diverge less quickly. It brings the classes closer together, which is what weâre trying to do, right?

I understand that there are many different ideas as to what approach would be most beneficial to our nation and our economy regarding how citizens are taxed, who pays how much, and even what businesses and organizations should or should not be taxed.


Of course, itâs what weâre debating.

I personally don't subscribe to the idea (that you seem to, as stated in your post) that people should pay more to the government because they make moreâ¦


Well, I think itâs one of the better ways to rebalance our society. Tax according to income, and Net Worth as well. Or, and as ludicrous as it sounds, remove all cash from the system and role out the use of a credits-only economy, and charge each class proportionate to their income and Net Worth for the same goods and services everyone uses, so that the same value is lost to everyone all the time. Maybe not the same value, but at least similar. Those shoes (from NoNameC68âs example) would not be such a loose call if they cost proportionately a similar amount as for people close to, or under, the poverty line.

Honestly I'd like to see one bit of evidence to support your bigotry toward the wealthy, because from here it likes blind speculation and emotional ranting.


For a visual representation of âwasteful opulenceâ, seek out some of the episodes of the shows I referenced. Thereâs such a thing as enjoying success, and then thereâs ridiculous extravagance. The former is great; the latter has been one of our societyâs downfalls from time immemorial.

You have made some very derogatory assertions which are not grounded in reality, and if that's really the route you are going to keep going with discussion then it's probably best if you stop while you're ahead.


My comments are all statements of personal observation. Youâve called me a bigot. Youâre the one being derogatory, imo. Iâve not made any âderogatory assertionsâ at all. If youâre talking about my statement about the rich living in wasteful opulence: itâs true. Not for everyone rich, but many, too many. If youâre talking about my saying the rich typically horde their riches: itâs true. How else do you think they stay rich? Why else do they hire the best accountants and tax attorneys affordable to keep Uncle Samâs hand out of their pockets? If youâre talking about my saying you remind me of my daughter calling her friend âjealousâ, itâs because itâs true. Only the immature scream âu jellyâ as a means of exalting themselves and putting down others.
And what do you mean âstop while youâre aheadâ? Ahead in what? Is this a threat? Weâre not competing here, just debating. Iâm just trying to share my opinion on the OP. Is this not a forum for free exchange of ideas?

Look, letâs just agree to disagree, ok? Thatâs the only way this debate will end, since weâre all steadfast in our opinions. Out of respect for your positions as mods on this site, Iâll let you both have the last comment. I wonât respond to them. Iâve already said what I have to say. Iâm done now.
Einfach
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Einfach
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Nomad

when it's disproportionately too large compared to what you're paying your employees, the gap between classes widens, and owners get richer and laborers get poorer.

I agree. Many people can be quite unfair. Fortunately, in a capitalistic system (free market, non-coercion) one agrees to work, buy, and sell.

Now, suppose there's a situation where everyone's paying people terribly low wages and trying to keep the profit all for themselves.

Then someone comes along and starts a business where people are paid more - he will have more people applying for job positions and he will be able to select the best employees fit for the job and outcompete his opponents.

Capitalism creates an incentive for business owners to help both employees and consumers.
MRWalker82
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MRWalker82
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Shepherd

@Gyroscopic

Your entire participation in this thread seems geared at illustrating that we need to have less division between financial groups. Everything being said seems driven to this point, and I must say that I disagree. Yes, I've seen "Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous" and yes, I think that a lot of what they spend their money on is ridiculous. However everything 'wasteful' that they spend their money on has someone who makes it, someone who is supporting their family because of that expenditure. That was exactly the point I was trying to make by saying that an even tax would allow those wealthy people to put more back into the economy.

Darkroot
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Darkroot
2,763 posts
Peasant

Why should the rich have incentive to help the poor? Remember, the rich offers the people goods and services and the people buy these things. Both of them get what they want. They help each other. The business makes money and the consumer gets a new good and/or service. The money people take home is theirs to do whatever they want with it.


Yeah except there is only one party here that is making the money and having too much power and wealth for a minority. What makes them so special that a minority deserves to control %60 of all wealth? Seems to me that this is a broken system.

However everything 'wasteful' that they spend their money on has someone who makes it, someone who is supporting their family because of that expenditure. That was exactly the point I was trying to make by saying that an even tax would allow those wealthy people to put more back into the economy.


But what kind of system is it if people that makes these thing cannot even buy them? Like workers in Africa that makes shoes and get paid $0.10 a day.
Einfach
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Einfach
1,448 posts
Nomad

@Darkroot - the following answers your criticism:

The rich can only become rich through mutually beneficial transactions.
A. A mutually beneficial transaction is defined as any action that benefits both parties.
B. All agreed-upon interactions are mutually beneficial transactions.
i. How is this? What does it mean to agree to something? It means that you believe this action surpasses every other action by providing happiness (defined as that which people pursue).
ii. This is tautological. Basically - agreed-upon interactions surpass all other actions in the efficiency by which the create happiness - it gives people the most "bang for their buck" with happiness.
C. Thus, mutually beneficial interactions, by creating happiness, are good in themselves.
D. Mutually beneficial interactions, by definition create a certain amount of positive happiness to both parties.
E. Thus, aside from benefitting the "rich person," the people who are involved in mutually beneficial interactions with the person are also benefitted, at least by a small amount.
F. A capitalistic economy involves no regulations (or redistribution of resources).
i. Regulations can only function by restricting mutually beneficial reactions, since they are the only actions that can occur spontaneously in a free market (think Gibbs free energy :P). If they do not - they're not effective, and thus unnecessary, and if they do, they create negative happiness.

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